Earnings management and firm valuation under asymmetric information

This paper seeks to provide an explanation for why corporate officers manage the disclosure of accounting information. We show that earnings management affects firm value when value-maximizing managers and investors are asymmetrically informed. In equilibrium, the strategic management of reported earnings influences investors' assessments of the market values of companies' shares.     

试析林木资产的计价入账方法

林木资产计价入账方法的选择是森林资源资产会计核算的重要问题之一。林木资产计价可供选择的方法主要有历史成本法和现行市价法两种,这两种方法各自有其适用条件、适用范围及优缺点,但相对而言历史成本法更为适合,因此,在对林木资产计价核算时应始终坚持能够用历史成本计价的尽可能用历史成本计价,不具备历史成本计价条件的再考虑用其他方法。     

Optimal design of trade institutions

We model an economy with social institutions that facilitate trade and induce three types of costs: establishment costs, access costs, and use costs. Use costs are specific transaction costs related to the use of these trade institutions. We assume that a trade institution is economically completely determined by the costs it imposes and by the effects on the trades it facilitates. We extend the Pareto efficiency concept to include various modes of organization of social institutions: the costs and benefits of these organizations are expressed in the trades they facilitate.Within this setting we discuss a valuation equilibrium concept, in which all agents use a common conjectural price system that assigns to every trade institution the price vector that would prevail under it. This feature of the equilibrium is important in securing the second welfare theorem, and is new to the analysis of economies with costly trade. Since the use costs can be nonlinear, there are non-convexities that prevent the second welfare theorem from obtaining in a finite economy, but we show it for large economies.Received: 3 April 2002, Accepted: 30 April 2003, JEL Classification: D59, D70, H49Robert P. Gilles: donewhile visiting the Center for Economic Research, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands. Financial support from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), grant B46-390, is gratefully acknowledged.Dimitrios Diamantaras: Part of this research wasSupport from Temple University via a Fuller research fellowship is gratefully acknowledged.The authors would like to thank Suzanne Scotchmer, Andreu Mas-Colell, Marcus Berliant, Shlomo Weber, Hans Haller, Dhanajay Gokhale, Julian Manning, and two anonymous referees for their valuable comments and discussions of previous drafts of this paper. A previous version of this paper was circulated as Equilibria of economies with costly trade.     

An International Analysis of Earnings, Stock Prices and Bond Yields

Abstract:  This paper assesses the contemporaneous relationship between stock prices, earnings and long-term government bond yields for a large number of countries. The time period of our data spans several decades. In a time series framework our analysis first tests the presence of a long-term contemporaneous relationship between these three variables (the so-called Fed model). Next, we assess if government bond yields play a significant role in the long-run relationship. Our empirical results question the validity of the Fed model in the sense that we show that long-term market movements are mainly driven by the earnings yield and not the differential between bond and earnings yields. As such, our analysis validates the results of Asness (2003) for a much larger collection of countries while using a dynamic time series (cointegration) framework. Finally, we also show that changes in long-term government bond yields have a short-term impact on stock prices.     

证券市场成交量对收益率波动性影响的实证分析

本文根据上海证券市场上证综合指数2005年1月1日到2006年1月1日的复合收益率和日成交量。用GARCC模型描述日成交量对复合收益率的波动性影响。在GARCH模型中加入当期交易量、滞后一期的交易量，结果表明当期交易量变化率能明显削弱收益率条件方差的波动性，而滞后一期的成交量只通过对当期的成交量间接的影响复合收益率。     

清单模式下工程结算争议处理的策略研究

本文通过对工程量清单计价模式下工程结算中常见争议问题的阐述,进一步剖析了争议产生的原因,从计价规范和法律的角度提出了应对工程结算中争议问题的策略。     

高职房地产经营与估价专业人才培养规格研究——以广东省为例

以广东省为例分析了房地产经营与估价专业人才的行业需求，并通过对高职房地产经营与估价专业     

Majority and Minority Ownership of Publicly-Traded Firms: A Test of the Value of Control Using Market Multiples

Publicly-traded companies that are controlled by other publicly-traded companies provide a unique setting in which to test whether the market values of majority and minority ownership interests are proportionate to their ownership percentages. Test results indicate that the value of subsidiary net assets and net income are greater to majority shareholders than to minority shareholders. However, comparison of asset and income valuation with a sample of diffusely-held firms indicates that this valuation asymmetry is not due to a wealth transfer from the minority to the majority owners but to a discounting of the portion of the subsidiary owned by the minority shareholders.     

Meta-Functional Benefit Transfer for Wetland Valuation: Making the Most of Small Samples

This study applies functional Benefit Transfer via Meta-Regression Modeling to derive valuation estimates for wetlands in an actual policy setting of proposed groundwater transfers in Eastern Nevada. We illustrate how Bayesian estimation techniques can be used to overcome small sample problems notoriously present in Meta-functional Benefit Transfer. The highlights of our methodology are: (i) The hierarchical modeling of heteroskedasticity; (ii) The ability to incorporate additional information via refined priors; and (ii) The derivation of measures of model performance with the corresponding option of model-averaged Benefit Transfer predictions. Our results indicate that economic losses associated with the disappearance of these wetlands can be substantial and that primary valuation studies are warranted.      

股票市场的估价与并购(英文)

近年来,很少有关于兼并和收购的商业话题博得许多研究和媒体的关注。在过去40年来,经济理论提供了许多根据 -关于为什么公司选择从事企业兼并与收购,看法不一。实证研究表明,这些理论最能解释某些类型的并购活动,虽然有些理论似乎是更加适用于某些特定时间段。合并后的公司似乎稍微好一点了。最近的许多研究对将 M&A公司设法将个体公司的市场估值以及整体股票指数跟合并行为以及表现联系起来。